Monthly Archives: March 2008

Monday Night Lullaby

Yes. Very lame title. I know. It’s 10:12pm. If you expected more, you don’t know me.

Anyway. I found a short window of time in which I have nothing to do, so here are the most interesting posts and stories from the past few days:

  • From EvidenceProfBlog, the Iowa Supreme Court will hear the first challenge to “red light cameras” which automatically generate tickets for speeders.
  • EyeID recaps the landmark eyewitness ID training seminar held in NYC two weeks ago and makes public eyeid.org.
  • Not Guilty comments on the shift in the federal judiciary from lawyers in the private sector to lawyers in the public sector.
  • Grits has this fantastic critique of a critic of the Pew Study.
  • Scott writes about the 30 year old mother of 2 who is a sex offender who has been forced to move several times. Nowhere left to go, really. We’re really doing a fantastic job of helping non-violent sex offenders reintegrate, aren’t we?
  • From WSJ, a motion written by a lawyer representing a capital defendant now is part of an IAC claim. Why? The motion was written in ebonics.
  • The ACLU released a report calculating the actual cost of California’s death penalty. Answer: It’s very high.
  • Mark Bennett has this terrific post on the Government as the threat to your liberty and this follow up.
  • The Windypundit is honest about jury nullification.

That’s it for tonight. Sleep well.

The courtroom as assembly line

The criminal justice system is a heavy volume business. There are hundreds of thousands of individuals being processed through the system on a yearly basis. Hundreds get sentenced on a daily basis, there are even more that have short court-appearances. Add to that pre-trial hearings, trials and other motions and arguments, it is clear that it can get monotonous, repetitive and boring.

Yet to allow it to become so is, in my opinion, doing a disservice to the system and to the individuals caught up in it. Western Justice, a prosecutor authoring a self-titled blog, describes a day in court and how his (or her) mind wanders during routine pleas. His mind wanders in and out of the proceedings, sometimes distracted by the upcoming weekend, sometimes by other cases and at other times by ethanol. He relates that he snaps back to reality just enough to mumble some responses to the court’s questions.

While I can understand how this would happen, I’m just a little disturbed that it does happen. Sure, things get repetitive, but are we really that self-centered that we forget the significance of what is occurring in our presence? There are people charged with crimes who might be deprived of their liberty for a significant period of time, their families, people who have been victimized and traumatized and their families. The criminal justice system is not a joke, people. (Well, I don’t mean that kind of joke.) Even the smallest of infractions have consequences in this day and age and we must take our jobs seriously for others to take the system seriously.

Western Justice provides the following quote:

For you non-criminal lawyers and non-lawyers, you have to understand, there are times in any court proceeding where your attention need not be undivided. These usually come at times like advisements, reading of one’s rights, or the reading of twenty plus jury instructions at a jury trial.

Wrong, wrong and wrong. You best pay attention during a plea canvass and you need to quit your job if you’re not paying attention during jury instructions.

More:

Yadda, yadda, yadda. Although they won’t admit it to your face, most prosecutors AND defense counsel are saying to themselves: “Who cares about the Constitution? I’ve got places to go, things to see, cases to prepare, let’s move it along here!…..”

I sincerely hope that defense counsel are not saying to themselves: “who cares about the Constitution?” If they are, the answer is very simple. The man (or woman) standing next to you, and for his or her sake, you better care too.

The only participant in the system that can justifiably drift off is the defendant. It has been my experience that defendants drift off during pleas and sentencing, not because they are unmindful of the gravity of the situation, but rather because they are all too mindful of the consequences. Some are thinking about their families, some are thinking ahead to life in prison and some are cursing the day the committed the act. That I understand and have no problem with.

But it is incumbent upon us to pay rapt attention to what the court is saying. Whatever the judge says at that time can have significant consequences down the road. Another public defender once told me of a case he had where at the time of sentencing, the judge imposed a period of probation in addition to a jail term. Had he not been paying attention, he may not have remembered that the defendant did not actually plead guilty to a sentence that included a period of probation. The matter was immediately rectified, but it may not have been had he not been attentive.

This is what we are paid to do. We are paid to stand by a citizen accused of a crime. That is a serious job that demands our best. We should give nothing less. That includes paying attention in court.

The right of self-representation: More important because of us?

Today, SCOTUS heard oral argument in Indiana v. Edwards, which focused on the application of Farreta. Indiana argued that pro-se defendants who cannot communicate coherently with the court or the jury can be denied their right of self-representation.

Yesterday, Prof. Erica Hashimoto (who I think is the individual referenced by Justice Breyer at page 35 of the transcript) had this post up at Concurring Opinions. The post argues, essentially, that the right of self-representation is critical because indigent defendants are often represented by incompetent “indigent counsel” and would be better off representing themselves. She apparently has some history in this area, having authored a January 2007 paper on this topic. The findings of the paper are that pro-se defendants far just as well (or poorly) as represented defendants, if not better.

She does not some limitations in the study – the big one being lack of much data. Her sample size seems to be pretty small too. One limitation I did not see mentioned in the study is the strength of the state’s case. It is very possible that in a lot of pro-se cases, the state recognizes its weaknesses very early on – perhaps the first court date – and offers to either nolle, dismiss or favorably resolve the matter. I also did not see any consideration given to states that do not appoint counsel for misdemeanor charges.

Anyway, back to the topic at hand. The essence of her argument seems to be that, generally speaking, defendants with money can fire their privately retained lawyer and hire another more competent lawyer to represent them. This is a very flawed argument. Anyone who practices in a GA or JD in CT (or any other trial court in any other state) can attest to the number of times a non-indigent defendant has stood before a judge, asking for more time to hire a new lawyer and fire his current lawyer. Almost always, the defendant does not come up with the money and has to go with the lawyer that he is “unhappy” with. Just as if he were represented by a pd that he does not like. He is just as stuck with the private as he is with the pd.

Further – and I’m hoarse from repeating myself – “ineffective” lawyers come in all shapes and sizes and statuses. Private attorneys can be awful, just like public defenders. And while it is very, very difficult to “fire” your public defender, it can and does happen.

I don’t care either way about the right of self-representation. All my clients can represent themselves, if they want to. I will wish them the best of luck and move on. When called upon to represent a client, I will do everything in my power to secure a favorable outcome. But that’s just me.

I guess I don’t buy this idea that the right of self-representation is critical because of public defenders (or appointed counsel). It is critical because every person should have the ability to decide for himself or herself what he/she wants to do. Do we really need another reason?

Edit: By the way, if you want to get an idea of just how “crazy” Edwards was at the time of his trial, sift through the Joint Appendix. Let me know if you follow any of the motions filed.

Eyewitness reform bill fails; DNA on arrest bill passes

Just to show you how skewed the priorities of legislators are, let us compare two bills side by side.

On the left, we have the eyewitness id reform bill and on the right, the “collect DNA from the innocent” bill.

One is clearly needed, the other could be a significant violation of due process. (Yes, I do know that some states have held such DNA collection to not be a violation of the 4th. I disagree with them.)

As EyeID points out, the bill, while missing some legs, would have been a significant step in the right process. Alas, it was not to be. However, the esteemed legislators have deemed it worthy to collect DNA samples from people arrested of crimes. The argument behind this piece of legislation is that collection of DNA at the time of arrest would permit law enforcement to solve more crimes…because, you know, if you’re arrested, then you’ve probably committed a crime in the past.

Another rationale put forth by the State [pdf]- and I do love this – is that collection of DNA at the time of arrest would not only serve to solve unsolved crimes, but also prevent wrongful convictions.

The irony here, lest it be lost on you, is that the very same State opposed [pdf] the eyewitness ID reform bill, when DNA exonerations have shown that in 75% of wrongful conviction cases faulty IDs have been the culprit. Apparently, in eyewitness ID reform, there is a “pilot program” and the “jury is still out” on whether sequential or simultaneous lineups are better. Yes, you read that right. Apparently, no one knows how to use Google. There is some heavy citing of the Mecklenburg Report, which permits law enforcement to continually bury its head in the sand. The State’s testimony then quotes Gary Wells out of context (I’ve read about this being done in other states too) and ignores his response to this misquoting (I’m going on memory here – I’m sure the guys at EyeID know what I’m talking about – or if I’m imagining this whole thing, I’ll take it down).

The CT Public Defender’s response to the EyeID bill is here and to the DNA bill here. All the testimony submitted on these bills is available here.

On a positive note, the committee did pass the probation reform bill, which I discussed previously.

All the bills reported out of committee by last night’s deadline are here. For example, here‘s a bill “encouraging” bar owners to install breath alcohol testing devices. Here‘s a bill making it illegal to hang on a noose on public property, or private property without the consent of the owner.

I’m back

Sorry for the sporadic posting over the last week. My computer was malfunctioning and – believe it or not – I had work to do. I am now back, armed with my computer and plenty to say.

Additionally, those changes I mentioned are coming closer to fruition. I should have an announcement to make in the coming week or so.

Thanks for sticking by me, even when I wasn’t posting.