Is failure to register a continuing offense? Part II
I asked this question a while ago and still don’t have a firm answer. Now, pd blogger Saucy Vixen has the same question:
I’m attempting to craft an argument that failure to register as a sex offender is an ongoing offense. The case law isn’t particularly helpful, but I figure I’ll give it a shot anyway. The only stuff I found that is even vaguely on point are cases holding that failure to register for the draft is NOT a continuing offense. This is not helpful.
My original post broke it down as follows:
When does a sex offender commit the offense of “failing to register” and is it a continuing crime for as long as the offender fails to register?
There are but two options here:
- Either the crime is committed on the first day that the offender has to register but doesn’t;
- He continues to commit the offense for each day that he doesn’t register until he does or is arrested.
The reason for arguing that it is a continuing offense is to prevent the client from being charged with multiple counts of failure to register.
I think the best argument to make is to liken it to other situations in criminal law where ones argues that there should not be multiple counts, such as a sequence of events constituting the same criminal transaction or enterprise. Statutory construction would also come in handy. The statute makes no mention of “each subsequent day”; rather it says that the probationer must register within x number of days and failure to comply with the statute is a felony.
Think about it this way: If the client were to register three days late, would the state charge him with 2 counts of failure to register or just one? If the answer is the latter, then what difference does it make whether he registers 3 days late of 30 days late?
I haven’t had the opportunity to search case law in other states, but I’m sure there are plenty of examples where offenders have either completely failed to register or have registered very late and yet have been charged with one count only.
Thoughts?
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about 4 years ago
In Georgia, I’ve represented a handful of Failure to Register Clients in three different counties (two different DA’s offices). They only charge with one count.
I have even argued the following sucessfully:
Defendant moves April 1st to X county. Doesn’t register. Defendant is caught August 1st, charged with Failure to Register. Indictment alleges August 1st. I argue that when he really failed to register was April 4th, since you must register within 72 hours of moving to the new county. I’ve gotten indictments amended to the older time period, which is good because Failure to Register after July 1st is now a minimum 10 years.
about 4 years ago
What about analogies to Failure to Appear? I think it is each time you are summoned. There might be some analogies there.
I tend to think it would be a continuous event and hence one count.
about 4 years ago
Yeah, realistically I don’t think the state is going to charge multiple counts, unless they want to really stick it to the client and be jerks about it. I mean, it’s possible.
The FTA analogy could be a good one. There are differences, but at first blush I don’t think they are fatal.